Gender equality may begin in the home. Research from Claudia Goldin — the Henry Lee Professor of Economics at Harvard University — says both fertility rates and economic conditions for women depend on men doing more housework, especially if the home has children. The 2023 Nobel laureate studied several countries and found that traditional gender roles hinder women in modern economies. “The reduction in fertility in the period since the 1970s has been truly astonishing,” Golden said in a speech at the European Central Bank Annual Research Conference last year. “Much of the change in fertility will depend on if men assume more work in the home as women are drawn into the market.”